Bay Area Backbone: Difference between revisions

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[[File:Backbone Map.png|thumb]]
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[[File:Bay Area Backbone, Goal 2024.png|thumb]]
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The Bay Area Backbone Project is building solid, fast, links between major high sites in the Bay Area, which in turn supports a more stable mesh network. Backbone sites are permanent locations, not dependent on amateur radio operators' homes or difficult to access places.
 +
The goal of the Bay Area Backbone Project is to provide a fast, IP microwave based networking between amateur high sites in the Bay Area. The backbone provides IP connectivity within the network and can provide public IPv4 address for full Internet connectivity.
   
  +
The network is available to any amateur operator needing connectivity to, from or between supported sites.
−
The current health of the backbone is monitored [http://kn6plv-backbone.local.mesh/ here] ([https://sfbackbone.xojs.org/ internet])
  
   
  +
We provide an Internet as last resort for many locations.
−
== [[Fish Ranch]] / [[ORCA]] ==
  
   
  +
== Management ==
−
=== San Bruno Mountain ===
  
−
<span style="color:orange">
  
−
'''Status''': Equipment installed. Powered. Link active to San Bruno.
  
−
</span>
  
   
  +
* [https://ispdesign.ui.com/#p=1a8969d6466a43cca23e8b6f34c65af8 Map]
−
'''Connection''': Non-AREDN, airFiber 5 GHz.
 
  +
* [https://grafana.bayareabackbone.com/d/ZlKo1XPVz/summary?orgId=1&refresh=5m Monitor]
  +
* [https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1MVoJiYzehNbI-EUjRsuLvgLdL4KG4JUeKGtlqk4JruM/edit?usp=sharing Configuration Summary (Google Sheet)]
  +
* [https://uisp.bayareabackbone.com Management]
  +
** Username: '''mesh''' Password: '''aredn-back-bone'''
  +
* [https://graylog.bayareabackbone.com/ Logging]
  +
** Username: '''guest''' Password: '''guest-user'''
   
−
==== Notes ====
 +
==Sites ==
  +
*[[Black Mountain (Site 4)]] - Palo Alto
−
Dish has been checked and is power, and shows a four bar, active link status to San Bruno (re: site visit 22nd, July 2022). However the device does not connect to the UISP tool because the WAN connection to Matt Peterson's is not currently connected, Matt believes is is unplugged at his end.
 
  +
*[[Carpenter Hill]] - Folsom
  +
*[[4CCCC|CCCC]] - Richmond
  +
*[[Fire Station 8]] - Palo Alto
  +
*[[Fish Ranch]] - Oakland/Orinda
  +
*[[Hurricane Electric FMT2]] - Fremont
  +
*[[Mount Allison]] - Fremont
  +
*[[Mt Vaca East|Mount Vaca East]] - Vacaville
  +
*[[ORCA]] - Oakland/Orinda
  +
*[[Oxford|Berkeley]] - Berkeley
  +
* [[Palo Alto PSB]] (pending)
  +
*[[San Bruno Mountain (Building 4)]] - Brisbane
  +
*[[San Bruno Mountain (Building 7)]] - Brisbane
  +
*[[San Pedro]] - San Rafael
  +
*[[Sunol Ridge]] - Sunol
  +
*[[Wolfback]] - Sausalito
   
  +
Want to become part of the network? We'll provide everything you need to get connected.
−
==== Cooperation ====
  
−
This link is provided in cooperation with Matt.
 
   
  +
== ARIN==
−
== [[San Bruno Mountain]] ==
  
  +
[https://arin.net American Registry for Internet Numbers]
   
−
=== Fish Ranch / ORCA ===
 +
===Organizations ===
−
<span style="color:orange">
  
−
'''Status''': Equipment installed. Appears powered.
  
−
</span>
  
   
  +
*[https://whois.arin.net/rest/org/BAM-80.html BAM-80]
−
'''Connection''': airFiber 5 GHz.
  
   
−
==== Notes ====
 +
===Points of Contact ===
−
The connection to Fish Ranch appears active, as Fish Ranch indicates an active link on the radio. This would suggest that the San Bruno end is correctly pointed and powered, but not yet connected to the rest of the AREDN network.
  
   
  +
*[https://whois.arin.net/rest/poc/TECH1410-ARIN TECH1410-ARIN] - Tech
−
==== Plans ====
  
  +
*[https://whois.arin.net/rest/poc/WILKI322-ARIN WILKI322-ARIN] - General
−
Immediate plans for changes at this site are unclear as the current owners want to do some significant upgrades before adding more equipment. We will probably help out with this project once scheduled (soon). After that the goal is to replace the NSM5 with a more powerful radio, finalize this end of the Fish Ranch link, and look at options for connecting south.
  
   
−
=== CCCC ===
 +
===Networks ===
−
'''Status''': Proposed
  
   
  +
*[https://whois.arin.net/rest/net/NET-206-197-44-0-1 NET-206-197-44-0-1] - 206.197.44.0/24
−
'''Connection:''' AREDN Mikrotik LHG 5
  
  +
*[https://whois.arin.net/rest/net/NET-44-0-0-0-1 NET-44-0-0-0-1] - 44.31.228.0/24
  +
*[https://whois.arin.net/rest/net/NET-44-0-0-0-1 NET-44-0-0-0-1] - 44.32.112.0/20
  +
*[https://whois.arin.net/rest/net/NET6-2620-B8-A000-1 NET6-2620-B8-A000-1] - 2620:B8:A000::/48
   
−
==== Notes ====
 +
===Autonomous System Numbers ===
−
Evaluating installing a new dish pointing at CCCC during the next site visit.
  
   
  +
*[https://whois.arin.net/rest/asn/AS32681 AS32681]
−
== [[4CCCC|CCCC]] ==
  
   
−
==== Plans ====
 +
== ARDC ==
  +
The 44.31.228.0/24 and 44.32.112.0/20 subnet allocations are kindly provided by the [https://www.ardc.net ARDC].
−
Re-evaluate the battery system and determine why it fails to provide the constant power required for all the equipment.
  
   
  +
* [[:File:LOA-44 31 228 0-24.pdf|Letter of Authorization - 44.31.228.0]]
−
=== Mount Diablo ===
  
  +
* [[:File:BGP LOA - 2024-10-26 03 25.pdf|Letter of Authorization - 44.32.112.0]]
−
<span style="color:green">
  
−
'''Status''': Equipment installed. Active.
  
−
</span>
  
   
  +
==FCC==
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'''Connection''': Non-AREDN, airFiber 3 GHz. Acts as DtD.
  
  +
[https://www.fcc.gov Federal Communications Commision]
   
  +
* FRN: 0031037245
−
==== Notes ====
  
−
Connects via DtD over non-AREDN radios, so appears as wired AREDN connection, even though it isn't.
  
   
  +
===Experimental Licenses===
−
=== Richmond Field Station ===
  
  +
A number of the backbone links operate with experimental 6GHz licenses in the [[wikipedia:Unlicensed_National_Information_Infrastructure|U-NII-5 band]].
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<span style="color:green">
  
−
'''Status''': Equipment installed, Active.
  
−
</span>
  
   
  +
https://apps.fcc.gov/els
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'''Connection''': Non-Ham, 5 Ghz AC gen2, unknown equipment.
  
   
  +
*[[Fish Ranch]] to [[San Bruno Mountain (Building 7)|San Bruno Mtn 7]] & [[San Bruno Mountain (Building 4)|San Bruno Mtn 4]] - [https://apps.fcc.gov/els/GetAtt.html?id=325016 WN2XRO]
−
==== Notes ====
  
  +
*[[San Bruno Mountain (Building 7)|San Bruno Mtn 7]] to [[San Carlos]], Swallow, [[Fire Station 8]] & [[Black Mountain (Site 4)|Black Mountain]] - [https://apps.fcc.gov/els/GetAtt.html?id=327676 WN2XUD]
−
Connects via DtD over non-AREDN radios, so appears as a wires AREDN connection, even though it isn't.
  
  +
*[[Wolfback]] to [[ORCA]], [[Oxford]], [[4CCCC|CCCC]] - [https://apps.fcc.gov/els/GetAtt.html?id=327671 WN2XTR]
  +
*[[San Carlos]] to [[Sunol Ridge]] - [https://apps.fcc.gov/els/GetAtt.html?id=333165 WO2XAS]
  +
*[[San Pedro]] to [[San Bruno Mountain (Building 4)|San Bruno Mtn 4]], Big Rock, Sugar Loaf & Mt Vaca West
   
  +
==Network Structure==
−
=== San Bruno Mountain ===
  
−
'''Status''': Proposed
  
   
  +
===Radios===
−
== [[Mount Diablo]] ==
  
  +
A minimal backbone endpoint consists of two radios providing a point-to-point link between two sites. Ideally a site provides at least two links so the network can be extended from that point. In some places we use point-to-multipoint radios to provide additional shared links from a single site. We currently deploy the following:
−
Slides detailing the configuration can be found [[:File:MountDiablo Slide1.png|here]] and [[:File:MountDiablo Slide3.png|here]].
  
   
  +
*[https://dl.ubnt.com/datasheets/airfiber/airFiber_5XHD_DS.pdf Ubiquiti airFiber 5XHD]
−
=== CCCC ===
  
  +
*[https://dl.ui.com/ds/ltu-rocket Ubiquiti Rocket LTU]
−
<span style="color:green">
  
  +
*[https://store.ui.com/us/en/category/all-60ghz-wireless/products/af60-xr Ubiquiti airFiber 60XR]
−
'''Status''': Equipment installed. Active.
  
  +
*[https://mimosa.co/uploads/datasheets/Mimosa-by-Airspan-B11-Datasheet_DS-0007-04.pdf Mimosa B11]
−
</span>
  
   
  +
===Routers===
−
'''Connection''': Non-AREDN, airFiber 3 GHz.
  
  +
Any router capable of supporting OSPF can be used to support the radios. We currently deploy the following:
   
  +
*[https://dl.ubnt.com/datasheets/edgemax/EdgeRouter_X_DS.pdf Ubiquiti EdgeRouterX]
−
==== Note ====
  
  +
*[https://dl.ubnt.com/datasheets/edgemax/EdgeRouter_X_DS.pdf Ubiquiti EdgeRouterX SFP]
−
Connects via DtD over non-AREDN radio.
  
  +
*[https://store.ui.com/us/en/pro/category/all-wired/products/ep-r8 Ubiquiti EdgePoint R8]
  +
*[https://mikrotik.com/product/crs112_8p_4s_in Mikrotik CRS112-8P-4S]
  +
*[https://mikrotik.com/product/rb5009ug_s_in Mikrotik RB5009UG+S+IN]
   
  +
===Software===
−
== Richmond Field Station (RFS) ==
  
  +
The backbone network runs [[wikipedia:Open_Shortest_Path_First|OSPF]]
   
−
=== CCCC ===
 +
===Hardware===
  +
More details description of [[Backbone Site Hardware|typical site hardware]].
−
<span style="color:green">
  
−
'''Status''': Equipment installed, Active.
  
−
</span>
  
   
  +
==Services ==
−
'''Connection''': Non-AREDN, 5 Ghz AC gen2, unknown equipment.
  
  +
A typical backbone node provide the following services:
   
  +
*'''Private IPv4 address''': A subnet of ''100.100.X.X/24'' is assigned to the router. Addresses from this range can be automatically or statically allocated to devices connected to the router. All addresses can be routed to the Internet (but not from the Internet). The subnet is allocated to VLAN 1100 internally. A router may choose to restrict this using a firewall.
−
==== Notes ====
  
  +
*'''Public IPv4 address''': Specific public IP address from the subnet ''206.197.44.0/24'' or ''44.31.228.0/24'' can be allocated to specific routers and/or ports. Traffic to these addresses can be routed to and from the Internet. Addresses are managed using policy based routing. No traffic is routed into the network for an address which is not allocated.
−
Connects via DtD over non-AREDN radio.
  
  +
*'''Public IPv6 address''': A subnet of ''2620:B8:A000::/64'' is assigned to the router. Addresses are allocated to a device using [[wikipedia:IPv6_address#Stateless_address_autoconfiguration|SLAAC]]. Traffic to these addresses can be routed to and from the Internet. A router may choose to restrict this using a firewall or choose to not participate in IPv6 routing at all.
  +
*'''AREDN 44-net:''' A subnet of ''44.32.112.0/20'' is allocated to AREDN devices and peered to other 44-net address (including non-AREDN 44-net addresses) at [[Hurricane Electric FMT2|Hurricane Electric]].
   
  +
==Links==
−
== [[Black Mountain]] ==
  
  +
===Active ===
   
  +
*[[Berkeley]]
−
=== San Bruno Mountain ===
  
  +
**[[Wolfback]]
−
'''Status''': Evaluating
  
  +
**[[Hurricane Electric FMT2|Hurricane Electric]] [via Internet]
  +
**[[Vultr BGP|Vultr]] [via Starlink]
  +
*[[Black Mountain (Site 4)]]
  +
**[[San Bruno Mountain (Building 7)]]
  +
**[[San Bruno Mountain (Building 7)]] [via WB6ECE]
  +
*[[Carpenter Hill]]
  +
**[[Mt Vaca East]]
  +
*[[4CCCC|CCCC]]
  +
**[[Mount Diablo]]
  +
**[[Richmond Field Station]]
  +
**[[Wolfback]]
  +
*[[Fire Station 8]]
  +
**[[San Bruno Mountain (Building 7)]]
  +
*[[Fish Ranch]]
  +
**[[ORCA]]
  +
**[[San Bruno Mountain (Building 7)]]
  +
**[[San Bruno Mountain (Building 4)]]
  +
*[[Hurricane Electric FMT2|Hurricane Electric]]
  +
**[[Berkeley]] [via Internet]
  +
**[[Mount Allison]]
  +
*[[Mount Allison]]
  +
**[[Hurricane Electric FMT2|Hurricane Electric]]
  +
**[[Sunol Ridge]]
  +
**[[San Bruno Mountain (Building 7)]] [via WB6ECE]
  +
*[[Mount Diablo]]
  +
**[[4CCCC|CCCC]]
  +
*[[ORCA]]
  +
**[[Fish Ranch]]
  +
**[[Wolfback]]
  +
*[[Richmond Field Station]]
  +
**[[4CCCC|CCCC]]
  +
*[[Mt Vaca East]]
  +
**[[Carpenter Hill]]
  +
*[[San Bruno Mountain (Building 4)]]
  +
**[[Fish Ranch]]
  +
**[[San Pedro]]
  +
*[[San Bruno Mountain (Building 7)]]
  +
**[[Black Mountain (Site 4)]]
  +
**[[Black Mountain (Site 4)]] [via WB6ECE]
  +
**[[Fire Station 8]]
  +
**[[Fish Ranch]]
  +
**[[Mount Allison]] [via WB6ECE]
  +
**[[San Carlos]]
  +
**Swallow
  +
*[[San Carlos]]
  +
**[[San Bruno Mountain (Building 7)]]
  +
**[[Sunol Ridge]]
  +
*[[San Pedro]]
  +
**[[San Bruno Mountain (Building 4)]]
  +
*[[Sunol Ridge]]
  +
**[[San Carlos]]
  +
**[[Mount Allison]]
  +
*Swallow
  +
**[[San Bruno Mountain (Building 7)]]
  +
*[[Wolfback]]
  +
**[[4CCCC|CCCC]]
  +
**[[ORCA]]
  +
**[[Berkeley]]
   
  +
===Planned ===
−
Without a good intermediate connection down the Peninsula, a link from Black Mountain to San Bruno is our best option.
  
  +
None
   
−
=== Mount Allison ===
 +
===Proposed ===
−
'''Status''': Planning
  
   
  +
*[[Fire Station 8|FS8]]
−
Final stages of planning a Non-AREDN 5 GHz link between Black Mountain and Mount Allison, in coordination with N9JIM.
  
  +
**[[Palo Alto PSB]]
  +
*[[Twitchell Tower]]
  +
** [[Mt Vaca East]]
  +
*[[Mount Diablo|Mt Diablo]]
  +
**[[Twitchell Tower]]
  +
**[[ORCA]]
  +
*[[San Pedro]]
  +
**[[Vaca Valley Radio Club Repeater Site|Mt Vaca West]]
  +
**[[4CCCC|CCCC]]
  +
**Sugar Loaf
  +
**Big Rock
  +
*[[Oxford]]
  +
**[[San Pedro]]
  +
*ORCA
  +
**Alameda Coast Guard
  +
*Alameda Coast Guard
  +
**Chabot Space Science Center
  +
**Diablo Drive
  +
*Black Mountain
  +
**Eagle Rock
  +
*Wolfback
  +
**Chabot Space Science Center
  +
*Kregor Peak
  +
**Mt Vaca East
   
  +
==IP Transit and Internet Exchanges==
−
== [[Mount Allison]] ==
  
  +
We provide two transit points between our backbone network and the more general Internet. The primary transit point is at [[Hurricane Electric FMT2|Hurricane Electric]] in Fremont where the backbone connects via microwave radio on the datacenter's roof. The secondary transit point is at [[Vultr BGP|Vultr]] in New Jersey, and the connection is from the [[Berkeley]] site via battery backed-up [https://starlink.com Starlink]. The backup transit point is only used if the primary is offline due to a local internet failure (which at Hurricane would be a major event). The Starlink will remain connected by avoiding any local infrastructure failures, and the remote data center will be similarly unaffected.
   
  +
=== [[Hurricane Electric FMT2|Primary: Hurricane Electric]] ===
−
=== Black Mountain ===
  
  +
The backbone network's IP Transit is provided by [[Hurricane Electric FMT2|Hurricane Electric]] at the Fremont 2 location.
−
Status: Planning
  
   
  +
==== Internet Exchanges ====
−
Notes: A link from Mount Allison to Black Mountain passes directly over one of [https://he.net Hurricane Electric]'s data centers. They support putting microwave dishes on their roofs.
  
  +
Detailed peering information can be found on [https://www.peeringdb.com/net/33430 PeeringDB] or [https://bgp.tools/as/32681 bgp.tools].
   
  +
Our peering policy is [[Peering Policy|here]].
−
== Needed Sites ==
  
   
−
=== East Bay ===
 +
===== ARIX =====
  +
[https://arix.dev ARIX] is an internet exchange point for licensed amateur radio operators for the use of networking research, development, and education.
−
The most southerly backbone site is in the Oakland Hills. There is a need for a number of high sites stretching down the East Bay to Fremont and Milpitas.
  
   
  +
* [https://www.peeringdb.com/ix/3069 PeeringDB]
−
=== Peninsula ===
  
  +
* [[:File:LoA-BAY-AREA-MESH-12-30-2023.pdf|Authorization]]
−
The most southerly backbone site is San Bruno Mountain. There is a need for high sites stretching down though Burlington, Mountain View and Palo Alto.
  
  +
* '''BAM IPv4:''' 44.190.42.20/24
  +
* '''BAM IPv6:''' 2602:801:30ff::20/64
  +
* '''ARIX IPv4''': 44.190.42.253 & 44.190.42.254
  +
* '''ARIX IPv6:''' 2602:801:30ff::253 & 2602:801:30ff::254
   
  +
===== FCIX =====
−
=Notes=
  
  +
[https://fcix.net FCIX] is the Fremont Cabal Internet Exchange.
   
  +
* [https://www.peeringdb.com/ix/2163 PeeringDB]
−
===DtD connected nodes===
  
  +
* [[:File:20240115 BayMesh Xconn FCIX.pdf|Authorization]]
−
The backbone is currently being constructed using Part 15 devices acting as bridges between AREDN nodes. The AREDN nodes connect to bridges via the DtD port / VLAN 2. This essentially puts every node at every location in the Backbone on the same VLAN. Consequently, every broadcast from any node connected directly to any Backbone point will have its traffic retransmitted to every other node. This probably isn't a good thing. The Southern California Mesh solves this problem by having backbones nodes connect to each other using an AREDN tunnel over the "WAN" ... but in their case the "WAN" is in fact a VLAN running over their Part 15 devices. This gives them better control of the traffic on their backbone.
  
  +
* '''BAM IPv4:''' 206.80.238.172/24
  +
* '''BAM IPv6:''' 2001:504:91::172/64
  +
* '''FCIX IPv4''': 206.80.238.253 & 206.80.238.254
  +
* '''FCIX IPv6:''' 2001:504:91::253 & 2001:504:91::254
  +
  +
===== FREMIX =====
  +
[https://fremix.exchange FREMIX] is the Fremont Internet Exchange.
  +
  +
* [https://www.peeringdb.com/ix/3685 PeeringDB]
  +
* [[:File:Letter of Authorization - FREMIX - BayAreaMesh.pdf|Authorization]]
  +
* '''BAM IPv4:''' 149.112.29.67/24
  +
* '''BAM IPv6:''' 2001:504:125:e0::67/64
  +
* '''FREMIX IPv4''': 149.112.29.1 & 149.112.29.2
  +
* '''FREMIX IPv6:''' 2001:504:125:e0::1 & 2001:504:125:e0::2
  +
  +
====== Peers ======
  +
We directly peer with additional networks via FREMIX:
  +
  +
* [https://subconscious.co Subconscious] - [https://www.peeringdb.com/net/34961 AS12007]
  +
  +
=== Backup: Vultr BGP ===
  +
[https://vultr.com Vultr] provides our backup border gateway and is virtually hosted in New Jersey.
  +
  +
==== Connectivity ====
  +
For redundancy, connectivity to Vultr is over [https://starlink.com Starlink] from the [[Berkeley]] site, which provide both physical and network redundancy with our primary site.
  +
==History==
  +
The first backbone link, between [[Fish Ranch]] and [[San Bruno Mountain (Building 7)|San Bruno Mountain]], was installed on the 23rd November, 2021 and became operational on 3rd September, 2022. The goal was to provide a solid connection across the Bay which the AREDN network could use. It had been observed by the AREDN network builders in Southern California, that a better quality and more stable network could be constructed by creating a solid, well engineered backbone, to which local community AREDN networks could connect.
  +
  +
==Projects==
  +
  +
===Bay Area Mesh on the Backbone===
  +
Using the Bay Area Backbone to support the Bay Area Mesh has a number of advantages for the Mesh:
  +
  +
*It easier to connect high sites to other high sites, especially when we're trying to connect different neighborhoods while avoiding mountain ridges.
  +
* High sites are often backed up with generator power. We provide battery backup ourselves, but that will only last so long.
  +
* High sites will be there when the Ham moves on. Because these are generally commercial sites with long histories of ham involvement, we are not a the whims of someones current housing situation or - in some cases - employment situation.
  +
* It's often easier for a neighborhood to connect up to a high site (or more than one) as they're less obstructed.
  +
  +
====Status ====
  +
The current health of the backbone is monitored [http://kn6plv-grafana.local.mesh here] ([https://sfbackbone.xojs.org/ internet])
  +
  +
====Hardware ====
  +
The mesh operates on the Backbone by creating point-to-point connections between mesh sites (these are called '''xlinks''' - see below). Mikrotik hAP ac2 nodes provide the the mesh endpoint hardware. The traffic is routed between the specified IP addresses of the xlink. The underlying network may encapsulate this traffic if desired. We often use VLANs.
  +
  +
====XLINKS ====
  +
XLINKS are custom connections between sites which feed directly into the AREDN router. Think of them as DtD links, but only point-to-point. By default we use VLANs 1100, 1101, 1102, etc. for all XLINKs.
  +
  +
Backbone links appear in the mesh labeled as '''xlink''' but are no different from any other link in the network from AREDN's perspective.
  +
  +
===WB6ECE Repeater Group Interconnect===
  +
[[WB6ECE Repeater Group]] operates a network on about a dozen sites south of the Bay Area. The interconnect project aims to share networks to provide greater redundancy and reduce duplicated effort.
  +
  +
The ultimate goal of the Interconnect project is to provide a BGP connection between the two. For the moment the networks are interconnected by each providing the other with IP addresses on their respective networks.
  +
  +
'''Interconnect Points'''
  +
  +
==== [[San Bruno Mountain (Building 7)]] ====
  +
Routers at San Bruno Mountain are connected via a 1 Gbps link.
  +
  +
'''<u>Forward Link</u>'''
  +
*BAB IP: 44.31.128.190
  +
*WB6ECE IP: 44.31.128.189
  +
*Subnet: 44.31.128.188/30
  +
*Routes: 44.31.128.0/22
  +
'''<u>Reverse Link</u>'''
  +
*WB6ECE IP: 206.197.44.37
  +
*Subnet: 206.197.44.0/24
  +
*Routes: 206.197.44.1/24
  +
  +
==== [[Black Mountain (Site 4)]] ====
  +
Router at Black Mountain is connected to [[Black Mountain (Site 5)|Site 5]] via a 60 GHz link.
  +
  +
'''<u>Forward Link</u>'''
  +
*BAB IP: 44.31.128.222
  +
*WB6ECE IP: 44.31.128.221
  +
*Subnet: 44.31.128.220/30
  +
*Routes: 44.31.128.0/22
  +
'''<u>Reverse Link</u>'''
  +
*WB6ECE IP: 206.197.44.38
  +
*Subnet: 206.197.44.0/24
  +
*Routes: 206.197.44.1/24
  +
  +
==== [[Mount Allison]] ====
  +
'''<u>Forward Link</u>'''
  +
* BAB IP: 44.31.130.114
  +
* WB6ECE IP: 44.31.130.113
  +
* Subnet: 44.31.130.112/29
  +
* Routes: -
  +
'''<u>Reverse Link</u>'''
  +
  +
None
  +
  +
==== Interconnect Links ====
  +
*[[San Bruno Mountain (Building 7)]] to [[Mount Allison]]
  +
**BAM: a EoIP connection between these two sites provides a backup link for our backbone. The backup is managed using OSPF.
  +
*[[San Bruno Mountain (Building 7)]] to [[Black Mountain (Site 4)]]
  +
** BAM: No current link.
  +
**WB6ECE: an IP-over-IP provides them with a similar service. The backup is managed using OSPF.
  +
  +
==Contacts==
  +
  +
*Tim Wilkinson - KN6PLV - tim@bayareamesh.us

Latest revision as of 16:07, 29 October 2024

Bay Area Backbone, Goal 2024.png

The goal of the Bay Area Backbone Project is to provide a fast, IP microwave based networking between amateur high sites in the Bay Area. The backbone provides IP connectivity within the network and can provide public IPv4 address for full Internet connectivity.

The network is available to any amateur operator needing connectivity to, from or between supported sites.

We provide an Internet as last resort for many locations.

Management

Sites

Want to become part of the network? We'll provide everything you need to get connected.

ARIN

American Registry for Internet Numbers

Organizations

Points of Contact

Networks

Autonomous System Numbers

ARDC

The 44.31.228.0/24 and 44.32.112.0/20 subnet allocations are kindly provided by the ARDC.

FCC

Federal Communications Commision

  • FRN: 0031037245

Experimental Licenses

A number of the backbone links operate with experimental 6GHz licenses in the U-NII-5 band.

https://apps.fcc.gov/els

Network Structure

Radios

A minimal backbone endpoint consists of two radios providing a point-to-point link between two sites. Ideally a site provides at least two links so the network can be extended from that point. In some places we use point-to-multipoint radios to provide additional shared links from a single site. We currently deploy the following:

Routers

Any router capable of supporting OSPF can be used to support the radios. We currently deploy the following:

Software

The backbone network runs OSPF

Hardware

More details description of typical site hardware.

Services

A typical backbone node provide the following services:

  • Private IPv4 address: A subnet of 100.100.X.X/24 is assigned to the router. Addresses from this range can be automatically or statically allocated to devices connected to the router. All addresses can be routed to the Internet (but not from the Internet). The subnet is allocated to VLAN 1100 internally. A router may choose to restrict this using a firewall.
  • Public IPv4 address: Specific public IP address from the subnet 206.197.44.0/24 or 44.31.228.0/24 can be allocated to specific routers and/or ports. Traffic to these addresses can be routed to and from the Internet. Addresses are managed using policy based routing. No traffic is routed into the network for an address which is not allocated.
  • Public IPv6 address: A subnet of 2620:B8:A000::/64 is assigned to the router. Addresses are allocated to a device using SLAAC. Traffic to these addresses can be routed to and from the Internet. A router may choose to restrict this using a firewall or choose to not participate in IPv6 routing at all.
  • AREDN 44-net: A subnet of 44.32.112.0/20 is allocated to AREDN devices and peered to other 44-net address (including non-AREDN 44-net addresses) at Hurricane Electric.

Links

Active

Planned

None

Proposed

IP Transit and Internet Exchanges

We provide two transit points between our backbone network and the more general Internet. The primary transit point is at Hurricane Electric in Fremont where the backbone connects via microwave radio on the datacenter's roof. The secondary transit point is at Vultr in New Jersey, and the connection is from the Berkeley site via battery backed-up Starlink. The backup transit point is only used if the primary is offline due to a local internet failure (which at Hurricane would be a major event). The Starlink will remain connected by avoiding any local infrastructure failures, and the remote data center will be similarly unaffected.

Primary: Hurricane Electric

The backbone network's IP Transit is provided by Hurricane Electric at the Fremont 2 location.

Internet Exchanges

Detailed peering information can be found on PeeringDB or bgp.tools.

Our peering policy is here.

ARIX

ARIX is an internet exchange point for licensed amateur radio operators for the use of networking research, development, and education.

  • PeeringDB
  • Authorization
  • BAM IPv4: 44.190.42.20/24
  • BAM IPv6: 2602:801:30ff::20/64
  • ARIX IPv4: 44.190.42.253 & 44.190.42.254
  • ARIX IPv6: 2602:801:30ff::253 & 2602:801:30ff::254
FCIX

FCIX is the Fremont Cabal Internet Exchange.

  • PeeringDB
  • Authorization
  • BAM IPv4: 206.80.238.172/24
  • BAM IPv6: 2001:504:91::172/64
  • FCIX IPv4: 206.80.238.253 & 206.80.238.254
  • FCIX IPv6: 2001:504:91::253 & 2001:504:91::254
FREMIX

FREMIX is the Fremont Internet Exchange.

  • PeeringDB
  • Authorization
  • BAM IPv4: 149.112.29.67/24
  • BAM IPv6: 2001:504:125:e0::67/64
  • FREMIX IPv4: 149.112.29.1 & 149.112.29.2
  • FREMIX IPv6: 2001:504:125:e0::1 & 2001:504:125:e0::2
Peers

We directly peer with additional networks via FREMIX:

Backup: Vultr BGP

Vultr provides our backup border gateway and is virtually hosted in New Jersey.

Connectivity

For redundancy, connectivity to Vultr is over Starlink from the Berkeley site, which provide both physical and network redundancy with our primary site.

History

The first backbone link, between Fish Ranch and San Bruno Mountain, was installed on the 23rd November, 2021 and became operational on 3rd September, 2022. The goal was to provide a solid connection across the Bay which the AREDN network could use. It had been observed by the AREDN network builders in Southern California, that a better quality and more stable network could be constructed by creating a solid, well engineered backbone, to which local community AREDN networks could connect.

Projects

Bay Area Mesh on the Backbone

Using the Bay Area Backbone to support the Bay Area Mesh has a number of advantages for the Mesh:

  • It easier to connect high sites to other high sites, especially when we're trying to connect different neighborhoods while avoiding mountain ridges.
  • High sites are often backed up with generator power. We provide battery backup ourselves, but that will only last so long.
  • High sites will be there when the Ham moves on. Because these are generally commercial sites with long histories of ham involvement, we are not a the whims of someones current housing situation or - in some cases - employment situation.
  • It's often easier for a neighborhood to connect up to a high site (or more than one) as they're less obstructed.

Status

The current health of the backbone is monitored here (internet)

Hardware

The mesh operates on the Backbone by creating point-to-point connections between mesh sites (these are called xlinks - see below). Mikrotik hAP ac2 nodes provide the the mesh endpoint hardware. The traffic is routed between the specified IP addresses of the xlink. The underlying network may encapsulate this traffic if desired. We often use VLANs.

XLINKS

XLINKS are custom connections between sites which feed directly into the AREDN router. Think of them as DtD links, but only point-to-point. By default we use VLANs 1100, 1101, 1102, etc. for all XLINKs.

Backbone links appear in the mesh labeled as xlink but are no different from any other link in the network from AREDN's perspective.

WB6ECE Repeater Group Interconnect

WB6ECE Repeater Group operates a network on about a dozen sites south of the Bay Area. The interconnect project aims to share networks to provide greater redundancy and reduce duplicated effort.

The ultimate goal of the Interconnect project is to provide a BGP connection between the two. For the moment the networks are interconnected by each providing the other with IP addresses on their respective networks.

Interconnect Points

San Bruno Mountain (Building 7)

Routers at San Bruno Mountain are connected via a 1 Gbps link.

Forward Link

  • BAB IP: 44.31.128.190
  • WB6ECE IP: 44.31.128.189
  • Subnet: 44.31.128.188/30
  • Routes: 44.31.128.0/22

Reverse Link

  • WB6ECE IP: 206.197.44.37
  • Subnet: 206.197.44.0/24
  • Routes: 206.197.44.1/24

Black Mountain (Site 4)

Router at Black Mountain is connected to Site 5 via a 60 GHz link.

Forward Link

  • BAB IP: 44.31.128.222
  • WB6ECE IP: 44.31.128.221
  • Subnet: 44.31.128.220/30
  • Routes: 44.31.128.0/22

Reverse Link

  • WB6ECE IP: 206.197.44.38
  • Subnet: 206.197.44.0/24
  • Routes: 206.197.44.1/24

Mount Allison

Forward Link

  • BAB IP: 44.31.130.114
  • WB6ECE IP: 44.31.130.113
  • Subnet: 44.31.130.112/29
  • Routes: -

Reverse Link

None

Interconnect Links

Contacts

  • Tim Wilkinson - KN6PLV - tim@bayareamesh.us
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